In France, for example, in Molière's Don Juan (1665), the clown appears as a silly peasant who speaks in a rustic manner. Since the Italian actor G. Giaratoni appeared on the Paris stage in 1673 as a clown in a baggy white costume and a wide hat, the clown has gained overwhelming popularity and become the main attraction of entertainment at fairs. Another white-faced servant with white robes, Giglio, also originating from Italian comedy, was Frenchized as Gille, and became popular in France in the 17th century as the role of "Gilles the Fool". In the 18th century, Pierrot and Gilles became confused, and the image of a tragic clown changed to a pale, victim-like figure, as seen in the famous painting Gilles by Watteau. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "gille" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…フランスでは,たとえばモリエールの《ドン・ジュアン》(1665)に田舎言葉まる出しのまぬけな百姓役として登場するが,1673年,イタリア人俳優ジャラトーニG.Giaratoni(ジラトーネ)が,真っ白なダブダブの衣装に幅広の帽子をかぶったピエロとしてパリの舞台に登場して以来,ピエロは圧倒的人気を博し,定期市の娯楽の主役となった。 同じイタリア喜劇に起源をもつ白塗り,白装束の召使にジリオがあるが,ジリオがフランス語化してジルgilleとなり,17世紀に〈間抜けのジル〉役としてフランスで人気者となった。18世紀に入るとピエロとジルは混同されて,有名なワトーの絵《ジル》に見るように,青白い犠牲者風の一つの悲劇的ピエロ像に変わってゆく。… ※「gille」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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