Gemara

Japanese: Gemara
Gemara

…These two Talmuds are written in Hebrew and are the culmination of hundreds of years of discussions by Jewish legal scholars over the Mishnah, compiled by Patriarch Judah ha-Nasi around 200. In fact, the main text of the Talmud alternates between each section of the Mishnah and the Gemara (originally meaning "completion" in Aramaic), which records the scholars' discussions and interpretations of the sections. On the other hand, the Mishnah (originally meaning "repetition" and by extension "study") is a collection of oral law that has been studied and developed by legal scholars for about 400 years since the 2nd century BCE. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Gemara" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これら両タルムードは,200年ころ総主教ユダ(イェフダ)Judah ha‐Nasiが編纂したミシュナをめぐってユダヤ人律法学者が数百年間積み重ねた議論の集大成で,ヘブライ語で書かれている。事実,タルムードの本文には,ミシュナの各節と,それに関する学者たちの議論と解釈を記録したゲマラGemara(アラム語で原意は〈完結〉)が交互に配置されている。 一方,ミシュナMishnah(原意は〈繰返し〉,転じて〈学習〉)は,前2世紀ごろから約400年間,律法学者によって学習,展開されてきた口伝律法の集成である。…

※「Gemara」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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