fossor

Japanese: fossor
fossor

…It is not clear when the work of Egyptian mummies became a specialized profession, although it is natural that the work of mummies was entrusted to a specialized profession. When early Christians in Rome buried their companions in the catacombs, gravediggers called fossors were treated as a kind of clergy, and there were various occupations such as lecticarius, who dug out stones, libitinarius, who purified and buried the bodies, copiata, who carved inscriptions and painted images, and decanus. After Christianity was legalized, gravediggers became a powerful group, and even used force when Damasus I was elected pope. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "fossor" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…エジプトのミイラ製作が専門職に任されたのは当然としても,土葬の墓掘職がいつごろから分業の専門職になったかは不明である。ローマで初期のキリスト教徒がカタコンベで仲間を埋葬したころにはフォソルfossorと呼ばれる墓掘人は聖職者の一種として扱われ,石を掘り出すレクティカリウスlecticarius,死体を清め埋葬するリビティナリウスlibitinarius,碑文を刻んだり図像を描くコピアタcopiata,デカヌスdecanusなどの職種があった。キリスト教公認後には墓掘人は勢力のある団体で,ダマスス1世が教皇に選挙される際には実力行使に出たほどであった。…

※「fossor」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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