…Many types of plasmids have been found, including F factors, R factors, and colicin factors that can be transmitted between bacteria, as well as various factors that cannot be transmitted on their own. A special type of plasmid that is inserted onto the chromosome of a host cell and acts together with the chromosome is called an episome. This property has been applied to experiments on gene transfer and gene recombination by conjugation and introduction, and furthermore, it has become possible to transfer genes between different species via genetically modified plasmids, leading to the development of genetic engineering, including gene cloning. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "episome" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…プラスミドには多くの種類が見いだされており,細菌の間を伝達するF因子,R因子,コリシン因子などのほか,自力では伝達できない因子も種々見いだされている。プラスミドのうち細胞宿主の染色体の上に挿入されて染色体といっしょに行動する特殊なものをエピソームepisomeと呼んでいる。この性質は接合や導入による遺伝子転移,遺伝子の組換えの実験に応用され,さらに,遺伝子を組み換えたプラスミドを介して,異なる生物種間で遺伝子の転移ができるようになり,遺伝子クローニングをはじめとする遺伝子工学への発展を導いた。… ※「episome」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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