educational measurement

Japanese: educational measurement(英語表記)educationalmeasurement
educational measurement

…In addition, educational evaluation is generally understood as an activity of ranking and ranking, but its function is essentially unrelated to these. It is inherent in educational practice, and is an opportunity for teachers to reexamine their own teaching goals, teaching materials, teaching methods, etc., and to further improve their ability to see children. The concept of educational evaluation is a new idea that emerged in the 1930s in the United States as a criticism of the educational measurement movement that had been developed by EL Thorndike, CW Stone, and others since the beginning of the 20th century. While the idea of ​​educational measurement brought quantification into education and emphasized the importance of objective tests and standardized tests, educational evaluation attempted to grasp students' learning situations using a variety of methods, such as case studies, observation methods, students' self-evaluation methods, and teachers' own tests to evaluate the learning process. …

*Some explanations of terms that refer to "educational measurement" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…また教育評価は,一般的には,ランクづけや序列化の活動と理解されがちであるが,その機能は,本質的にはこれらとは無縁であって,〈教育実践に内在〉し,教師がみずからの教えるべき目標,教材,指導方法等を点検しなおし,〈子どもを見る目〉を一層確かなものにしていく契機なのである。 そもそも〈教育評価educational evaluation〉という概念は,1930年代にアメリカにおいて,20世紀初頭からE.L.ソーンダイク,ストーンC.W.Stoneらによって展開された教育測定educational measurement運動に対する批判の中で登場した新しい考え方である。それは教育測定の考え方が教育の中に〈数量化〉をもちこみ,客観テスト,標準テストの重要性を強調したのに対して,学習過程の評価のための事例研究法,観察法,生徒の自己評価の方法,教師自身の手になるテストの工夫など多様な手段で,生徒の学習状況を把握しようとするものであった。…

※「educational measurement」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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