Lead Chloride - Enkanamalli

[ I ] Lead (II) chloride: PbCl ₂ (278.11). Also called lead dichloride. It is obtained as white orthorhombic crystals by adding hydrochloric acid or an aqueous chloride solution to an aqueous solution of lead salts. Density: 5.85 g cm ^-3 . Melting point: 501 °C, boiling point: 950 °C. It is sparingly soluble in cold water and ethanol, but easily soluble in hot water. Solubility in 100 g of water: 0.6728 g (0 °C), 3.342 g (100 °C). It is less soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid than water, but dissolves in concentrated hydrochloric acid forming H ₂ [PbCl ₄ ]. It precipitates lead hydroxide with alkali, but dissolves as a plumbate in excess. It forms adducts in various ratios with ammonia, and complex salts with alkali chlorides. It is used in the manufacture of lead salts and lead chromate pigments, and as an analytical reagent. It is toxic. [CAS 7758-95-4] [ II ] Lead(IV) chloride: PbCl ₄ (349.01). Also called lead tetrachloride. Lead(II) chloride is suspended in concentrated hydrochloric acid, chlorinated, and then ammonium chloride is added to obtain ammonium hexachlorolead(IV) (NH ₄ ) ₂ PbCl _6. The precipitate is added little by little to concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a yellow oily liquid. Density 3.18 g cm ^-3 (0 °C). Melting point -15 °C. The solid is a yellow molecular crystal. When heated, it explodes at around 105 °C and decomposes into lead(II) chloride and chlorine. In humid air, it hydrolyzes and releases white hydrogen chloride smoke. With a small amount of water, it forms various unstable hydrates, but with a large amount of water it decomposes to produce lead(IV) oxide and hydrochloric acid. Soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid and organic solvents such as chloroform. [CAS 13463-30-4]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

【Ⅰ】塩化鉛(Ⅱ)：PbCl₂(278.11)．二塩化鉛ともいう．鉛塩の水溶液に塩酸または塩化物水溶液を加えて白色の斜方晶系結晶として得られる．密度5.85 g cm^－3．融点501 ℃，沸点950 ℃．冷水，エタノールなどに難溶，熱水に易溶．水100 g に対する溶解度は0.6728 g(0 ℃)，3.342 g(100 ℃)．希塩酸には水よりも難溶であるが，濃塩酸にはH₂[PbCl₄]をつくって溶ける．アルカリによって水酸化鉛を沈殿するが，過剰には鉛酸塩となって溶ける．アンモニアとはいろいろの割合の付加物をつくり，塩化アルカリとは錯塩をつくる．鉛塩，クロム酸鉛顔料の製造，分析試薬に用いられる．有毒．[CAS 7758-95-4]【Ⅱ】塩化鉛(Ⅳ)：PbCl₄(349.01)．四塩化鉛ともいう．塩化鉛(Ⅱ)を濃塩酸中に懸濁させて塩素を通じ，ついで塩化アンモニウムを加えて得られるヘキサクロロ鉛(Ⅳ)アンモニウム(NH₄)₂PbCl₆の沈殿を少量ずつ濃硫酸中に加えると，黄色油状の液体として得られる．密度3.18 g cm^－3(0 ℃)．融点－15 ℃．固体は黄色の分子結晶．加熱すると105 ℃ 付近で爆発して塩化鉛(Ⅱ)と塩素とに分解する．湿気のある空気中では加水分解して塩化水素の白煙を発生する．少量の水とは各種の不安定な水和物をつくるが，多量の水では分解して酸化鉛(Ⅳ)と塩酸を生じる．濃塩酸，クロロホルムなどの有機溶媒に可溶．[CAS 13463-30-4]

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