Eratosthenes - Eratosthenes

Japanese: エラトステネス - えらとすてねす(英語表記)Eratosthenes
Eratosthenes - Eratosthenes

The first systematic geographer of the Hellenistic period. Born in Cyrene, Africa. He was the most versatile and talented person, and was called Beta (meaning the second man, next to Alpha). He was invited by Ptolemy III to serve as the head of the library of Alexandria, the center of world culture at the time. In mathematics, he contributed to the discovery of prime numbers and the expansion of the three mathematical mean of Pythagoras. In geodesy, he calculated the circumference of the earth to be 252,000 stadia using a theoretically correct method based on the difference in the altitude of the sun at two points on the summer solstice and the distance between the two points. In geography, he created a map in the tradition of Anaximander and Hecataeus, and divided the earth into seven bands of width. He was also active in the fields of chronology, philology, astronomy, and poetry.

[Kazuji Toyoda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ヘレニズム時代の最初の体系的地理学者。アフリカのキレネに生まれる。もっとも多能多芸な人物で、ベータBeta(第二の人、アルファに次ぐ人の意)と称された。プトレマイオス3世に招聘(しょうへい)されて、当時の世界文化の中心地アレクサンドリアの図書館長を務めた。数学では素数発見法、ピタゴラス派の三つの数学的比例中項の拡張に貢献し、測地術では、夏至の日の2地点の太陽の高度差と両地点間の距離から、地球の円周を25万2000スタディオンと理論的に正しい方法によって算出した。地理学では、アナクシマンドロス、ヘカタイオスの伝統上で地図を作成し、大地を七つの幅の帯に分割した。そのほか、年代学、文献学、天文学、詩の分野で活躍。

[豊田和二]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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