…Kronos, the father of Zeus, was born. It was a snake with the heads of a bull and a lion, a god's mask on its body, and a winged hybrid. Ananke (necessity) and Adrasteia (inevitable vengeance) were nearby. From Kronos came Light (Aithēr), Chaos, and Darkness (Erebos), as well as the androgynous Cosmic Egg (Ōon). … From [Destiny]…In other words, although it was a given that “if fate is determined, even the gods cannot escape it,” Apollo greatly relaxed the fate of Croesus (History). Thus, the Greek idea of fate may seem vague to modern people, but the same is true of the Greek words chreōn and ananke, which are similar to moira and are translated as “necessity.” Looking at the examples of usage in the Pre-Socratic Philosophers, these words do not mean absolute necessity but a certain rule or standard. Therefore, even if we are forced to translate it as necessity, it should be considered as necessity in an ambiguous sense. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Anankē" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ゼウスの父クロノスKronosとは本来別の語であるが,その解釈として〈時間〉が提示されたとも考えられ,両者はしばしば混同される)が生まれた。それは牛とライオンの頭をもつ蛇で,胴には神の面があり,翼をつけた混成物で,その傍にはアナンケAnankē(〈必然〉)とアドラステイアAdrasteia(〈避けがたい復讐〉)が控える。クロノスから光(アイテルAithēr),カオス,闇(エレボスErebos)が,さらに男女両性具有の宇宙卵(オーオンŌon)が生じた。… 【運命】より…すなわち,〈さだめられしモイラ(運命)なれば,神とても逃るるあたわず〉というのがたてまえではあったが,アポロンはクロイソスの運命を大幅に緩和したのであった(《歴史》)。このようにギリシア人の運命についての考えは,現代人から見ればあいまいだということになるだろうが,モイラの類似語で〈必然〉と訳されるギリシア語の〈クレオンchreōn〉や〈アナンケanankē〉の場合も事情は同じであって,〈ソクラテス以前の哲学者たち〉の用例を見ると,これらの語は絶対的必然性absolute necessityではなくて一定のきまり,規準を意味している。したがって,しいて必然という訳を与えるにしても,それはあいまいな意味での必然と見なすべきである。… ※「Anankē」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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