Ahriman

Japanese: Ahriman
Ahriman

...meaning "Lord (Ahura) of wisdom (Mazda)". In Zoroaster's own teachings, he was a creator god and the supreme deity, but in the dualistic doctrine of the Sassanid period, he came to be positioned as a god of good and light in opposition to Ahriman, the evil god of evil and darkness (pronounced Ohrmazd at the time). His statue is depicted as a crowned, flying, winged figure, and examples can be seen at Bistun, Persepolis, etc. ...

From Zoroastrianism

…In contrast, in the second stage after Zoroaster's death, the Indo-Iranian gods (Mithra, Anahita, etc.) were resurrected in the Zoroastrian pantheon, as seen in the Yasht Book of the Avesta. In the third stage, the dualistic doctrine of the Sassanid period, Ahura Mazda (Ohrmazd in medieval form) was identified with Spanta Mainyu and directly opposed to Ahriman (the medieval form of Angra Mainyu). As a result, the so-called Zurbanism, which established Zurvan (time) as the fundamental principle that transcends both, gained power. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Ahriman" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…〈英智(マズダー)の主(アフラ)〉の意。ゾロアスター自身の教えでは創造神,最高神であったが,ササン朝期の二元論的教義においては,悪と暗黒の邪神アフリマンAhrimanと対立する善と光明の神と位置づけられるようになった(当時はオフルマズドと発音)。その神像は王冠をいただいた,飛翔する有翼の人物として表現され,ビストゥン,ペルセポリスなどにその例が見られる。…

【ゾロアスター教】より

…これに反して,ゾロアスターの死後の第2段階では,アベスターのヤシュト書に見られるように,インド・イラン共通時代の神々(ミスラ,アナーヒターなど)がゾロアスター教のパンテオン中に復活した。第3段階のササン朝期の二元論的教義では,アフラ・マズダ(中世語形でオフルマズドOhrmazd)はスパンタ・マンユと同一視され,直接アフリマンAhriman(アンラ・マンユの中世語形)と対立することになった。この結果,両者をともに超越する根本原理として,ズルバーンZurvān(時)を定立する,いわゆるズルバーン教が勢力を得た。…

※「Ahriman」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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