Eccles, Sir John Carew

Japanese: エクルズ（英語表記）Eccles， Sir John Carew

Born January 27, 1903 in Melbourne
[Died] May 2, 1997. Tenero-Contra, Switzerland. Australian physiologist. After graduating from the University of Melbourne (1925), he studied abroad at Oxford University. He was a professor at the University of Otago in New Zealand (44-51), a professor at the Australian National University (51-66), and a professor at the State University of New York School of Medicine (68-75). He was knighted (1958). He discovered that special chemicals act at synapses when excitation from a nerve cell is transmitted to another nerve cell, and clarified electrical changes in central nerve cells using the microelectrode method. For these achievements, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (63) along with AL Hodgkin and AF Huxley.

Eccles
Eccles, Henry

Born: Around 1670, London
[Died] c. 1742. English violinist. Member of the Royal Band from 1674 to 1710, then moved to Paris. Known for his Violin Sonatas (1720). In Japan, he is called Eccles.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1903.1.27. メルボルン
[没]1997.5.2. スイス，テネロ・コントラ
オーストラリアの生理学者。メルボルン大学卒業 (1925) 後，オックスフォード大学留学。ニュージーランドのオタゴ大学教授 (44～51) 。オーストラリア国立大学教授 (51～66) 。ニューヨーク州立大学医学部教授 (68～75) 。ナイト授爵 (1958) 。神経細胞の興奮が他の神経細胞に伝達されるときに，シナプスで特殊な化学物質が作用することを発見し，また，微小電極法で中枢神経細胞の電気的変化を明らかにした。その功績により A.L.ホジキン，A.F.ハクスリーとともにノーベル生理学・医学賞受賞 (63) 。