Renner, Karl

Japanese: レンナー（英語表記）Renner， Karl

Born: December 14, 1870 in Dolny Duna Jowicki
Died December 31, 1950. Vienna Austrian politician and sociologist of law. After graduating from the University of Vienna, he worked at the Austrian Diet Library. From 1907 he was a member of the Austrian Social Democratic Party parliament. In 1918, after the First World War, he became the Prime Minister of the Provisional Government when the Republic of Austria was established, and later became Prime Minister and Foreign Minister. In 1922, he resigned after the Social Democratic Party was defeated in the general election. From 1931 to 1933, he was Speaker of the National Assembly (lower house). He was later oppressed by the Fascist regime and became active in the underground movement. After World War II, he became the Prime Minister of the Provisional Government, declared the liberation of Austria, and was elected the first president in 1945. In legal studies, he advocated the sociology of law, which seeks to elucidate law in relation to economic and social phenomena. His main work was Die Rechtsinstitute des Privatrechts und ihre soziale Funktion (1929), The Social Function of the Private Law System.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1870.12.14. ドルニデュナジョウィーチェ
[没]1950.12.31. ウィーン
オーストリアの政治家，法社会学者。ウィーン大学卒業後オーストリア国会図書館に勤務。 1907年からオーストリア社会民主労働党国会議員として活躍。第1次世界大戦後の 18年，オーストリア共和国の成立とともに臨時政府の首相となり，のち首相兼外相，22年の総選挙では社会民主党の敗北とともに辞任。 31～33年国民議会 (下院) 議長。その後，ファシスト政権により弾圧され地下運動で活躍，第2次世界大戦後，臨時政府の首相となり，オーストリアの解放を宣言，45年初代大統領に選ばれた。また法律学の面では，法を経済現象，社会現象との関連のなかで解明しようとする法の社会学を主張。主著『私法制度の社会的機能』 Die Rechtsinstitute des Privatrechts und ihre soziale Funktion (1929) 。

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