Copper Sulfide - Ryukado

[ I ] Copper(I) sulfide: Cu ₂ S (159.16). It occurs naturally as chalcocite. It can be obtained by heating copper and excess sulfur, or by heating copper(II) sulfide and sulfur in a hydrogen stream. Two forms, α and β, are known. The α form is stable above 91°C. Cubic crystal system. Black color. Density 5.79 g cm ^-3 . Melting point 1130°C. The β form is orthorhombic crystal system. Black color. Density 5.6 g cm ^-3 . Melting point 1100°C. Cu ₂ S is an ionic conductor. It dissolves in dilute nitric acid to form copper(II) nitrate and copper(II) sulfide. In hot nitric acid, it produces copper(II) nitrate, sulfur, and nitrous oxide. It reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid to produce copper(II) sulfide, copper(II) sulfate, and sulfur dioxide. It is insoluble in water and hydrochloric acid, but soluble in aqueous ammonia. When heated in air, it releases sulfur dioxide and changes to copper(II) oxide. It is used in fluorescent paints, catalysts, the production of sulfur and copper, and the production of antistatic fibers. [CAS 22205-45-4] [ II ] Copper(II) sulfide: CuS(95.61). It is naturally produced as indigo blue. It is obtained by adding hydrogen sulfide to an aqueous solution of copper(II) salt. It is black or blue-black in color. It has a hexagonal crystal system. It changes to a monoclinic crystal system at the transition point of 103 °C. Its density is 4.64 g cm ^- 3. It decomposes at 220 °C to copper(I) sulfide. It is insoluble in water, dilute acids, ethanol, and alkalis. It dissolves in hot nitric acid to produce copper(II) nitrate, sulfur, and nitrous oxide. It is soluble in aqueous solutions of alkali cyanide and alkali polysulfide. It is stable in dry air, but in moist air it is gradually oxidized by oxygen to produce copper(II) sulfate. It is used in dyeing textiles (as a color developer for aniline black), in mixed catalysts, and in ship bottom paints. All copper sulfide minerals are used as raw materials for metallic copper. [CAS 1317-40-4]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

【Ⅰ】硫化銅(Ⅰ)：Cu₂S(159.16)．天然には，輝銅鉱として産出する．銅と過剰の硫黄とを加熱するか，硫化銅(Ⅱ)と硫黄とを水素気流中で加熱すると得られる．α，βの2形が知られる．α形は91 ℃ 以上で安定である．立方晶系．黒色．密度5.79 g cm^－3．融点1130 ℃．β形は斜方晶系．黒色．密度5.6 g cm^－3．融点1100 ℃．Cu₂Sはイオン導電体である．希硝酸に溶けて硝酸銅(Ⅱ)と硫化銅(Ⅱ)になる．熱硝酸では硝酸銅(Ⅱ)と硫黄および酸化二窒素を生じる．濃硫酸と反応して硫化銅(Ⅱ)，硫酸銅(Ⅱ)および二酸化硫黄を生じる．水，塩酸に不溶，アンモニア水に可溶．空気中で加熱すると，二酸化硫黄を放出して酸化銅(Ⅱ)に変化する．蛍光塗料，触媒，硫黄や銅の製造，帯電防止繊維の製造などに用いられる．[CAS 22205-45-4]【Ⅱ】硫化銅(Ⅱ)：CuS(95.61)．天然には，銅藍として産出する．銅(Ⅱ)塩水溶液に硫化水素を通じて得られる．黒色または青黒色．六方晶系．転移点103 ℃ で単斜晶系にかわる．密度4.64 g cm^－3．220 ℃ で分解して硫化銅(Ⅰ)となる．水，希酸，エタノール，アルカリに不溶．熱硝酸に溶けて硝酸銅(Ⅱ)，硫黄，酸化二窒素を生じる．シアン化アルカリ水溶液，多硫化アルカリ水溶液に可溶．乾燥した空気中では安定であるが，湿った空気中では酸素により徐々に酸化されて硫酸銅(Ⅱ)を生じる．繊維の染色(アニリンブラックの顕色剤)，混合触媒，船底塗料などに用いられる．硫化銅鉱物はいずれも金属銅の原料として用いられる．[CAS 1317-40-4]

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