German choreographer. Born in Bratislava (a city in Slovakia, which was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire at the time). After a successful career as a dancer in Paris and elsewhere, he opened a dance school in Munich in 1910, opened a studio in Zurich during World War I, and became artistic director of the Berlin State Opera in 1930. He also created the mass games for the Berlin Olympics, but during World War II he fled to England because he hated the Nazis, and contributed to dance education in his later years. Known as the father of German modern dance, he showed his talent for creating group dances, choreographing works such as "Don Juan" and "Agamemnon." He also published works as a dance thinker and educator, such as "The World of the Dancer" (1920), "Choreography" (1926), "A Life for Dance" (1935), and "Modern Educational Dance" (1948). He argued that dance is composed of three elements: movement, rhythm, and direction, and that movement is born through the soul and the dancer's physical senses, and that rhythmic organization of space is achieved through spatial tension. The dance scores that Laban invented have since been put into practical use under the name Labanotation. [Masa Ichikawa] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの舞踊振付者。ブラチスラバ(スロバキアの都市。当時はオーストリア・ハンガリー帝国)に生まれる。舞踊家としてパリなどで活躍後、1910年ミュンヘンで舞踊学校を開き、第一次世界大戦中チューリヒでスタジオを開設、30年にはベルリン国立劇場の芸術監督となった。ベルリン・オリンピックのマス・ゲームなども創作したが、第二次大戦中はナチスを嫌いイギリスに亡命、晩年は舞踊教育に貢献した。ドイツ・モダン・ダンスの父といわれ群舞の創作に才能を発揮し、『ドン・ファン』『アガメムノン』などを振り付けた。また舞踊思想家、教育者として『舞踊家の世界』(1920)、『振付術』(1926)、『舞踊のための人生』(1935)、『近代教育舞踊』(1948)などを出版。彼は舞踊を、動き、リズム、方向性の三要素からなるものとし、動きは魂と舞踊家の身体感覚を通して生まれ、空間的緊張から空間の律動的組織化が行われると主張した。ラバンの考案した舞踊譜はその後ラバノテーションLabanotationの名で実用化されている。 [市川 雅] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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