Kiyoo Yamauchi - Yamanouchi Sugao

Japanese prehistoric archaeologist. Born in Tokyo on January 2, 1902. Graduated from the Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Imperial University. In 1924 (Taisho 13), during the excavation of the Kasori shell mound in Wakaba Ward, Chiba City, he demonstrated that differences in pottery types were due to differences in age, and clarified the chronological order of pottery discovered in the Kanto region by Kono Isamu and Yawata Ichiro. After assuming his post at the Tohoku University School of Medicine (1924-1934), he excavated important ruins every year, and completed the chronology of the Tohoku region within a few years. His most notable achievements are the establishment of a nationwide order based on the classification of Jomon pottery types, and the discovery of the original Jomon pattern (twisted cord). Since 1964 (Showa 39), he has made great efforts in addressing various issues of the early Jomon period, and has sharply criticized the radiocarbon C-14 dating method for the actual age of pottery. He later became a professor at the Faculty of Literature at Seijo University (1962-1970). He passed away on August 29, 1970.

[Kentaro Watanabe]

"Japanese Archaeological Anthology 21: Yamauchi Kiyoo Collection" edited by Sato Tatsuo (1974, Tsukiji Shokan)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

日本先史考古学者。明治35年1月2日東京に生まれる。東京帝国大学理学部人類学科選科卒業。1924年（大正13）の千葉市若葉区加曽利(かそり)貝塚発掘で、土器型式の差が年代の違いによることを明らかにし、甲野勇(こうのいさむ)、八幡(やわた)一郎と、関東地方発見の諸土器の年代的序列を明らかにした。東北大学医学部へ赴任（1924～34）後は、毎年重要な遺跡を発掘して、数年の間に東北地方の編年を完成。縄紋（文）土器型式の細別とそれに基づく全国的秩序を確立したこと、縄紋原体（撚紐(よりひも)）の発見はもっとも著名な業績である。また64年（昭和39）以降は、縄文草創期の諸問題について努力を重ね、土器の実年代については放射性炭素C‐14法の年代決定を鋭く批判した。のち成城大学文芸学部教授（1962～70）。昭和45年8月29日死去。

［渡辺兼庸］

『佐藤達夫編『日本考古学選集21　山内清男集』（1974・築地書館）』

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