A large crow, or a large crow with a big head, that appears in the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki myths. In the Nihon Shoki, it is called Yatakarasu. During the Eastern Expedition, it was dispatched by Takagi no Kami (Kiji) and Amaterasu Omikami (Kiki) to Emperor Jimmu, and guided him through the rugged mountains from Kumano to Yamato. In the Nihon Shoki, it was also dispatched to advise its elder brother, Isoki, and its younger brother, Otoshiki, to surrender. It is said to be the incarnation of Kamotaketsunomi no Mikoto, ancestor of Kamo no Agata-nushi (Shinsen Shojiroku, Kogoshui), and its descendants are said to be Kadono no Tono no Agata-nushi (Kiki). The meaning of the crow is said to be that it is a messenger of the Sun God, the head of Kumano, a totem animal, or a bird that saves people in danger on the battlefield, but in any case, it shows that the crow has mystical powers. The clan that linked this story to the Jinmu legend is generally believed to be the Kamo no Kami of Kazuno Prefecture, who was the head of the Tonomorizukasa (Lord of the Palace), but there is also a different theory that it is the Otomo clan. [Yoshii Iwao] "The Yatagarasu Legend and the Kamo Clan" by Saeki Ariyoshi (included in Research on the Newly Selected Shojiroku, Research Edition, 1963, Yoshikawa Kobunkan) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
記紀神話に出てくる大烏、あるいは頭の大きな大烏。『日本書紀』では、頭八咫烏(やたからす)という。東征の際、高木神(たかぎのかみ)(記)、天照大神(あまてらすおおみかみ)(紀)によって神武(じんむ)天皇のもとに派遣され、熊野(くまの)から大和(やまと)に入る険阻な山中を導く。また紀では、兄磯城(えしき)・弟磯城(おとしき)の帰順勧告に派遣される。鴨県主(かものあがたぬし)の祖である鴨建角身命(かもたけつのみのみこと)が化したものともいい(『新撰姓氏録(しんせんしょうじろく)』『古語拾遺(こごしゅうい)』)、その子孫は葛野主殿県主(かどののとのもりのあがたぬし)ともいわれる(紀)。 烏のもつ意味については、日神の使者、熊野のみさき、トーテム動物のほか戦陣で危急を救う鳥などと説かれているが、いずれにせよ烏が神秘な能力をもつことを示す。この話を神武伝承に結び付けた氏族については、主殿寮(とのもりづかさ)の殿部(とのべ)として葛野県の鴨県主とするのが通説であるが、大伴(おおとも)氏とする異説もある。 [吉井 巖] 『佐伯有清著『ヤタガラス伝説と鴨氏』(『新撰姓氏録の研究 研究編』所収・1963・吉川弘文館)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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