Water glass - Mizugarasu (English spelling)

Japanese: 水ガラス - みずがらす(英語表記)water glass
Water glass - Mizugarasu (English spelling)

Although the concentrated aqueous solution of alkali silicate glass is called this, the solid itself is sometimes called anhydrous water glass or simply water glass. The alkali generally contains sodium oxide Na 2 O (or potassium oxide K 2 O in some cases) as an ingredient, and its composition is Na 2 O・n SiO 2 ( n = 2-4) as well as a small amount of iron oxide Fe 2 O 3 , and its moisture content is 10-30%. It is obtained by melting a mixture of silicic acid (silica sand) SiO 2n H 2 O and anhydrous sodium carbonate (soda ash) Na 2 CO 3 at 1300-1500°C and treating the resulting solid in a low-pressure steam boiler. Pure water glass is a colorless, starch syrup-like liquid with high viscosity. In air, it absorbs carbon dioxide and precipitates gel-like silicic acid, which shows strong adhesive power. Also, hydrated water glass can be obtained by evaporating the water from water glass or by heating anhydrous water glass with a small amount of water. It is used as a raw material for adhesives, bonding agents, refractory cement, etc. Because it is alkaline, it is also used in detergents and cleaning agents.

[Nakahara Katsunori]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ケイ酸アルカリガラスの濃厚水溶液をこのようにいっているが、固体そのものを無水水ガラスあるいは単に水ガラスということもある。アルカリとしては一般に成分として酸化ナトリウムNa2O(場合によっては酸化カリウムK2O)を含み、組成はNa2O・nSiO2(n=2~4)のほか、少量の酸化鉄Fe2O3などが含まれており、水分は10~30%。ケイ酸(ケイ砂)SiO2nH2Oと無水炭酸ナトリウム(ソーダ灰)Na2CO3の混合物を1300~1500℃で融解し、できた固体を低圧蒸気缶で処理すると得られる。純粋なものは無色の水飴(みずあめ)状の液体で粘性が高い。空気中では二酸化炭素を吸収してゲル状ケイ酸が析出するので、強い接着力を示す。また水ガラスから水分を蒸発させるか、無水の水ガラスと水少量とを加熱すると、和水水ガラスができる。接着剤、接合剤、耐火セメントなどの原料となる。またアルカリ性であることから洗剤、洗浄剤などにも用いられる。

[中原勝儼]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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