Mr. Miura

A descendant of the Kanmu Heishi clan. A powerful clan in Sagami Province (Kanagawa Prefecture) during the Kamakura period. There are various theories about their origins, one of which is that they began when Taira Tamemichi ruled Miura County in Sagami Province in 1063 (Kohei 6) as a reward for his military achievements in the Battle of Zenkunen (1113-1185), and lived in Kinugasa Castle (Yokosuka City). However, another theory is that they originated from Miura Taro Kimiyoshi, the grandson of Taira Yoshimochi, who was active in the mid-Heian period. During Yoshiaki's reign, they took the name Miura Daisuke, and from then on the main line of the Miura clan was called Miura no Suke. When Minamoto no Yoritomo raised an army in Izu in 1180 (Jisho 4), Yoshiaki and the Miura clan helped Yoritomo and were successful in doing so. Later, Yoshiaki's son Yoshizumi was appointed as the guardian of Sagami Province, and his grandson Wada Yoshimori was appointed as the head of the Samurai Department, and they played important roles as senior vassals of the shogunate. Yoshizumi's son Yoshimura strengthened his influence by cooperating with the Hojo clan, and Yasumura also boasted of his strength by forming a marriage relationship with the Hojo clan, but in 1247 (Hoji 1), the clan was almost wiped out by the machinations of Hojo Tokiyori (Hoji War). Among the branch families that had spread their roots throughout the country at that time, Sahara Moritoki succeeded Miura no Suke, and during the Nanboku-cho period, his descendants Tokitsugu and Takamichi played important roles, but in 1516 (Eisho 13), during the reign of Yoshiatsu (Dosun) and Yoshioki, the family was destroyed by Hojo Soun. Some of the descendants who secretly escaped served the Edo Shogunate, and some were granted the titles of viscount and baron in the Meiji period.

[Masao Miura]

"The Miura Clan and Kamakura Bushido" by Takahashi Kyoichi (1942, Hasegawa Shobo)" ▽ "People of Japanese History, Volume 4" edited by Nagahara Keiji (1966, Yomiuri Shimbun)" ▽ "Miura Daisuke Yoshiaki and His Family" (1980, Executive Committee for the 800th Anniversary of Miura Daisuke Yoshiaki)" ▽ "The Warriors of Sagami" by Nagai Michiko (1978, Yurindo)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

桓武平氏(かんむへいし)流。鎌倉時代の相模国(さがみのくに)（神奈川県）の豪族。出自については諸説あり、その有力な一つは、平為道(たいらのためみち)が前九年の役の戦功として1063年（康平6）相模国三浦郡を領して衣笠城(きぬがさじょう)（横須賀市）に居したのに始まるとするが、一説には平安中期に活躍した平良茂(よしもち)の孫三浦太郎公義(きみよし)からとする。義明(よしあき)の代に三浦大介(おおすけ)を名のり、これより三浦氏の嫡流は三浦介を称した。1180年（治承4）源頼朝(みなもとのよりとも)が伊豆に挙兵すると、義明と三浦一族は頼朝をたすけて功があり、のち義明の子義澄(よしずみ)は相模国守護、孫の和田義盛(わだよしもり)は侍所別当(さむらいどころべっとう)に任ぜられるなど、幕府の重臣として活躍。義澄の子義村(よしむら)は北条氏と協調して勢力を強め、泰村(やすむら)も同じく北条氏と姻戚(いんせき)関係を結んで強勢を誇ったが、1247年（宝治1）北条時頼(ときより)の策謀により一族はほとんど滅亡した（宝治合戦(ほうじかっせん)）。このころ諸国に根を広げていた支族のなかから三浦介を継いだのは佐原盛時(さはらもりとき)で、ついで南北朝期には時継(ときつぐ)、高通(たかみち)ら子孫の活躍をみたが、義同(よしあつ)（道寸(どうすん)）・義意(よしおき)父子の代の1516年（永正13）北条早雲(そううん)に滅ぼされた。ひそかに逃れた子孫のなかには、江戸幕府に仕えたり、明治には子爵や男爵を授けられた者がいる。

［三浦勝男］

『高橋恭一著『三浦党と鎌倉武士道』（1942・長谷川書房）』▽『永原慶二編『人物・日本の歴史　第四巻』（1966・読売新聞社）』▽『『三浦大介義明とその一族』（1980・三浦大介義明公八百年祭実行委員会）』▽『永井路子著『相模のもののふたち』（1978・有隣堂）』

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