Marl (English spelling)

Japanese: マール(英語表記)marl
Marl (English spelling)
Marl, as it is commonly used today to describe sediments, refers to deposits that are a mixture of clayey material and calcite, with very rare dolomite. Marl is defined as a deposit that contains 35-65% carbonate minerals, the remainder being clay, and when consolidated, it is called marlstone or marlite. As the clay content increases, it becomes calcareous clay, and as the clay content decreases, it becomes argillaceous limestone. It can be of either freshwater or marine origin. The term has been used very imprecisely to describe various calcareous clays or sands. It has been used variously as the term soil, to describe soft, friable clays containing very small amounts of calcium carbonate, other clays, or earthy materials [Pettijohn: 1957, Kimura et al.: 1973]. It was written as marga in Latin and marle in Middle English.

Marl

The name of the Rhine region of Germany refers to a somewhat circular explosion crater without a cone. It can sometimes become a crater lake [Wolff: 1914]. It is caused by the heating of gas in the magma or groundwater, resulting in a phreatic explosion, which opens up a small circular crater and, without erupting volcanic material, deposits rock fragments from the basement around the explosion crater, creating a low hill, but not a significant hill. One example is Ichinomegata on the Oga Peninsula in Akita.

Source: Asakura Publishing Dictionary of Petrology Information

Japanese:
堆積物の記述で現在一般に使用されているマールという語は,粘土質物質と方解石の混合物で,非常にまれにドロマイトを含む堆積物を指す.炭酸塩鉱物を35~65%含み,残りが粘土からなる堆積物をマールとしており,これが固結したものが泥灰岩(marlstone, marlite)と定義されている.粘土分の比率が増加すると石灰質粘土(calcareous clay)となり,減少すると粘土質石灰岩(argillaceous limestone)となる.淡水起源または海水起源のどちらかである.この語は様々な石灰質粘土または砂の記載に非常に不正確に使用されてきた.非常に少量の炭酸カルシウムを含む柔らかく砕けやすい粘土,その他の粘土,あるいは土質物質など土壌という語のように様々な記述に用いられた[Pettijohn : 1957,木村ほか:1973].ラテン語ではmarga,中世英語ではmarleと表記した.

マール

ドイツのライン地方の名称で,円錐丘がなく多少円形の爆裂火口.火口湖となることがある[Wolff : 1914].マグマ中のガスか地下水が熱せられて水蒸気爆発(phreatic explosion)を起こしたもので,円形の小火口が開口し,火山物質を噴出せずに基盤の岩石片を爆列火口の周囲に堆積させ低い丘を作るが,著しい丘は作らない.秋田男鹿半島の一の目潟などはその例である.

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