The capital of Sierra Leone, West Africa. Population 822,000 (1999 estimate). Located at the tip of the Sierra Leone Peninsula, it has a deep inlet where the Sierra Leone River flows into, making it the country's main port. It exports palm, coffee, cocoa, iron ore, chrome ore, etc., and has developed industries such as ship repair, diamond polishing, and seafood processing. Lungi International Airport is nearby. It was founded in 1792 by British abolitionist Granville Sharp as a settlement for freed slaves, and the Sierra Leone Company he founded relocated freed slaves from the UK, southeastern Canada, the West Indies, etc. After it became a direct colony of the UK in 1808, it became a base for the British Navy to monitor the ban on the slave trade, and developed as a safe haven for freed slaves on the Atlantic Ocean. The descendants of the freed slaves are called Creoles, and later formed the central group in Freetown's city government. In 1827, the first institution of higher education in West Africa, Fourah Bay College (now the University of Sierra Leone), was established. [Hiromitsu Nakamura] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
西アフリカ、シエラレオネの首都。人口82万2000(1999推計)。シエラレオネ半島の突端に位置し、シエラレオネ川が注ぐ深い入り江を有する天然の良港で、同国の主要港となっている。パーム、コーヒー、ココアや鉄鉱石、クロム鉱などを輸出し、船舶修理、ダイヤモンド研磨、水産物加工などの工業も発達している。近くにルンギ国際空港がある。1792年イギリスの奴隷廃止論者グランビル・シャープが解放奴隷の入植地として建設し、彼の創立したシエラレオネ会社がイギリス、カナダ南東部、西インド諸島などから解放奴隷を移住させた。1808年にイギリスの直轄植民地になってからは、奴隷貿易禁止を監視するイギリス海軍の基地となり、大西洋上で解放された奴隷の安住の地として発展した。解放奴隷の子孫はクレオールとよばれ、のちにフリータウン市政の中心グループを形成した。1827年西アフリカ最初の高等教育機関フーラーベイ・カレッジ(現シエラレオネ大学)が設置された。 [中村弘光] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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