A Hundred Opinions Contested

Japanese: 百家争鳴 - ひゃっかそうめい

Many scholars and intellectuals will engage in lively debate.

[Example] In China, if you hear "dogmatism," you immediately borrow it, and if you hear "a hundred schools of thought," you use it. [Kamei Katsuichiro * Modern History Topics | 1956]

[Example] However, only one newspaper included it in a special feature. A different kind of internal feud, the two upper sects are silent, and the cheering squad is a hundred different schools of thought. How is it different? [Oe Kenzaburo * Pinch Runner Report | 1976]

[Example] The reason why there are so many different kinds of "Japanese" and so many "Japanese theories" have been written about them and become so popular is probably because the various issues surrounding "Japanese" are not yet stable. [Hidetoshi Kato * What is Japanese for? | 2004]

[Explanation] During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period in ancient China, debaters appeared who proposed policies to the monarch. various Sho child death hundred Wow! house mosquito " he says.
More than two thousand years later, in 1956, shortly after the founding of the People's Republic of China, hair already Sawa Taku east tower In the course of nation building, hundred Wow! flower mosquito Hitoshi because of Release law He published the political slogan "A Hundred Schools of Thought Contest."
"Let a hundred flowers bloom" means to promote artistic movements in the same way that many flowers bloom at the same time. And "a hundred schools of thought" means that scholars with various viewpoints freely debate each other. This "a hundred schools" is exactly the same as the "a hundred schools" of thought. It means that we should debate to our heart's content, just like the debaters of ancient times.
Contrary to this slogan, China would soon move to crack down on dissidents.
Today, the phrase "a hundred schools of thought" is not limited to political debates. Candid intuition Discussion Shakingly It refers to the debate that takes place between the various schools of thought. Compared to the time of the Hundred Schools of Thought, the meaning has become quite popular.

Source: Dictionary of Four-character Idioms About Dictionary of Four-character Idioms Information

Japanese:

多くの学者・文化人が、活発な議論を戦わせること。

[使用例] 中国で「教条主義」と言うとすぐ借用し、「百家争鳴」と言うとそれを用いる［亀井勝一郎＊現代史の課題｜1956］

[使用例] ところが一紙だけね、特集の囲みに組んでいた。ひと味ちがう内ゲバ、上部の両セクトは沈黙、百家争鳴の応援団。どのようにひと味ちがうか？［大江健三郎＊ピンチランナー調書｜1976］

[使用例] これだけいろんな「日本語」があり、それを対象にしてあまたの「日本語論」が百家争鳴、こんなにさかんになったのも、結局のところは「日本語」にかかわるさまざまな問題が安定していないからなのだろう［加藤秀俊＊なんのための日本語｜2004］

[解説] 古代中国の春秋・戦国時代に、君主に対して政策を提案する論客たちが現れました。さまざまな学派の思想家をまとめて「諸しょ子し百ひゃっ家か」と言います。
　それから二千年以上経った一九五六年のこと。成立後間もない中華人民共和国の国家主席・毛もう沢たく東とうは、国家建設を進める中で、「百ひゃっ花か斉せい放ほう、百家争鳴」という政治標語を公表しました。
　「百花斉放」とは、多くの花が一斉に開くように芸術運動を活発にすること。そして、「百家争鳴」とは、いろいろな立場の学者が自由に議論することです。この「百家」は、まさしく諸子百家の「百家」と同じです。古代の論客たちのように、存分に議論しなさい、というわけです。
　この標語とは裏腹に、中国は間もなく反体制派の弾圧へと進んでいきます。
　今日、「百家争鳴」は、政治的な議論に限らず使われることばです。テーマは何であれ、侃侃かん諤諤がくがくの論戦が行われることを指します。諸子百家の頃から考えると、かなり意味が大衆化しました。

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