Panizzi, Antonio Genesio Maria

Japanese: パニッツィ - ぱにっつぃ（英語表記）Panizzi, Antonio Genesio Maria

1797‐1879
Literary historian. Born to a family of lawyers in the Duchy of Modena, Italy. After graduating from the University of Parma in 1818, he worked as a lawyer in his hometown. He participated in a secret movement to overthrow the autocracy, and was arrested in 1822, but escaped and engaged in speech activities criticizing autocracy. He was sentenced to death while on the run, but fled to England in 1823. In 1831, he became a librarian at the British Museum. He demonstrated his outstanding talent as a literary historian, and edited and revised excellent editions of works by MM Boiardo and L. Ariosto. He was also close to Whig politicians such as HP Bloom and HJT Palmerston, and with their support, he became the director of the British Museum librarian in 1856 (until 1866). He carried out major reforms, such as improving the reading room, establishing cataloging rules, and increasing the budget for book purchases, positioning the museum as a center for the spread of culture and an institution of public service, laying the foundations for the present and having a major impact on library management around the world.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1797‐1879
文学史家。イタリア，モデナ公国の法律家の家に生まれる。1818年パルマ大学卒業後故郷で弁護士として活躍。専制打倒の秘密運動に加担し，22年逮捕されるが脱獄，専制批判の言論活動に従事する。逃亡中死刑の判決を受けるが23年イギリスに亡命した。31年大英博物館司書となる。文学史家としてすぐれた才能を発揮，M.M.ボイアルドやL.アリオストのすぐれた版本を校訂編集した。ホイッグ系のH.P.ブルームやH.J.T.パーマストンら政治家とも親しく，彼らのバックアップを受け，56年大英博物館図書館長となり(1866年まで)，閲覧室の改善，目録規則の制定，図書購入費の増額など博物館を文化拡散のセンター，公共サービスの機関と位置づける大改革を行い，現在にいたる基礎を築くとともに世界の図書館経営に大きな影響を与えた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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