White pear - Hakuboku

A Chinese dramatist from the Yuan Dynasty. His courtesy name was Renfu. He lived in Zhending, Hebei (today's Zhengding), and his father served as a Privy Councillor for the Jin Dynasty. When he was seven years old, the Mongol army invaded and he lost his mother in the fighting, but he was saved by the poet Yuan Haowen, who raised him thereafter. He was recommended by Kublai Khan, but he did not enter the service, spending his life drinking poetry and drinking wine. He later moved to Jinling (Nanjing, Jiangsu Province), but returned to the north in his later years. He is famous as a writer of zatugeki and sanqu, and is counted as one of the four great Yuan opera masters. Among the 16 known zaju works, his most famous works are the excellent love drama "Shoto Bajo" and "Gotou Rain," which tells the tragic love story between Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. In addition to his sankyoku works, he also left behind a collection of poems, "Tenraishu."

[Akira Denda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、元(げん)代の戯曲作家。字(あざな)は仁甫(じんぽ)。河北真定（現在の正定）に住み、父は金(きん)の枢密院判官を務めた。7歳のときモンゴル軍の侵入にあい、戦乱のなかで母を亡くしたが、詩人元好問(げんこうもん)に救われて、以後その養育のもとに成長した。世祖フビライのときに推挙されたが出仕せず、詩酒を友に一生を送った。のちに金陵(きんりょう)（江蘇(こうそ)省南京(ナンキン)）に移り住んだが、晩年はまた北に戻っている。雑劇(ざつげき)、散曲(さんきょく)の作家として有名で、元曲四大家の1人に数えられる。16種知られる雑劇作品のうち、恋愛劇の秀作『牆頭馬上(しょうとうばじょう)』と、玄宗・楊貴妃(ようきひ)の悲恋を取り上げた『梧桐雨(ごとうう)』が代表作である。散曲作品のほかに詞集『天籟集(てんらいしゅう)』を残している。

［傳田　章］

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