Euonymus nigricans

Japanese: ニシキギ - にしきぎ
Euonymus nigricans

A deciduous shrub of the Celastraceae family (APG classification: Celastraceae). It can reach a height of 3 meters. Its characteristic is that its branches are green, and later develop four corky wings. The leaves are opposite, elliptical to obovate, 2-7 cm long, and thin. In May and June, long-stalked cymes emerge from the leaf axils, and several tetrameric pale green flowers open downward. Unlike other Euonymus species, the fruits consist of one or two separate carpels. It grows in mountainous and hilly areas, distributed from Hokkaido to Kyushu, as well as the Korean Peninsula, China, the Kuril Islands, and Sakhalin. There are many variations and several varieties are known, including those without wings on the branches called Komayumi, those without wings and with small leaves called Kobanokomayumi, and those with large leaves called Ookomayumi. It is often cultivated as a garden tree. Its seeds contain essential oils, which are used for industrial oils. A similar evergreen species, Ryukyu mayumi E. lutchuensis T. Ito, is found in southern Kyushu and Okinawa.

The Euonymus genus has 150 species, mainly found in the temperate and subtropical zones of the Northern Hemisphere, and in Japan there are 18 species, including Euonymus orbiculatus and Euonymus japonicus.

[Yuichi Kadota February 17, 2020]

[Reference] | Masaki | Mayumi
Euonymus
It grows in mountainous areas and hills, and turns beautiful red in autumn. It is also used as a garden tree and hedge. ©Seishohmaru ">

Euonymus

Euonymus flower
In May and June, long-stalked cymes emerge from the leaf axils, and several tetrameric pale green flowers open downward. ©Seishohmaru ">

Euonymus flower

Euonymus fruit
The capsule splits open in late autumn to reveal seeds with orange-red arils. ©Shogakukan Photo by Okuyama Hisashi

Euonymus fruit

Euonymus moniliforme (tree shape)
©Junzo Fujishima ">

Euonymus moniliforme (tree shape)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ニシキギ科(APG分類:ニシキギ科)の落葉低木。高さ3メートルに達する。枝は緑色、のちにコルク質の4翼が出るのが特徴である。葉は対生し、楕円(だえん)から倒卵形で長さ2~7センチメートル、質は薄い。5~6月、葉腋(ようえき)から長い柄のある集散花序を出し、4数性の淡緑色花を数個下向きに開く。ほかのニシキギ類と異なり、果実は1、2個の離生した心皮からなる。山地や丘陵に生え、北海道から九州、および朝鮮半島、中国、千島、樺太(からふと)(サハリン)に分布する。変異が多くいくつかの品種が知られ、枝に翼がないものをコマユミ、翼がなく葉が小さいものをコバノコマユミ、同じく葉が大きいものをオオコマユミという。庭木としてよく栽培される。種子に精油成分が含まれ、工業油としたりする。九州南部から沖縄には、本種に似た常緑性の別種リュウキュウマユミE. lutchuensis T. Itoがある。

 ニシキギ属は北半球の温帯、暖帯を中心に150種あり、日本にはニシキギのほかにマユミ、マサキなど18種分布する。

[門田裕一 2020年2月17日]

[参照項目] | マサキ | マユミ
ニシキギ
山地や丘陵に生え、秋に美しく紅葉する。庭木、生け垣などにも利用される©Seishohmaru">

ニシキギ

ニシキギの花
5~6月、葉腋から長い柄のある集散花序を出し、4数性の淡緑色花を数個下向きに開く©Seishohmaru">

ニシキギの花

ニシキギの果実
蒴果で、晩秋に裂開、橙紅色の仮種皮をつけた種子がみられる©Shogakukan 撮影/おくやまひさし">

ニシキギの果実

ニシキギ〔樹形〕
©藤島淳三">

ニシキギ〔樹形〕


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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