Nakayama Incident

Japanese: 中山艦事件 - ちゅうざんかんじけん
Nakayama Incident

On March 20, 1926, during the First Kuomintang-Communist Cooperation, Chiang Kai-shek of the Kuomintang attacked the Communist Party. It is also called the March 20 Incident. The First Kuomintang-Communist Cooperation, which was launched in 1924, was in danger of splitting up due to the anti-communist plots of the right wing of the Kuomintang, and Chen Du-xiu and others in the Communist Party leadership took a right-wing opportunistic stance and did not fight resolutely. Chiang Kai-shek, who secretly had the right wing of the Kuomintang behind him, ordered the captain of the Zhongshan ship, Li Zhilong, a communist member, to move the warship from Guangzhou to Huangpu on the outskirts of Guangzhou, but he arrested Li and other communist members for moving the warship without permission, occupied important bases in Guangzhou, and launched an anti-communist coup.

This was the first anti-Communist provocation, but it ended with the Nationalist Party Chairman Wang Jingwei traveling abroad to protest against Chiang Kai-shek, and no proper solution was ever found. After this incident, Chiang Kai-shek and the right wing of the Nationalist Party, backed by military power, seized real power.

[Ando Hikotaro]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

第一次国共合作下の1926年3月20日、国民党の蒋介石(しょうかいせき/チヤンチエシー)が、共産党を攻撃した事件。三・二〇事件ともいう。1924年に発足した第一次国共合作は、国民党右派による反共勢力画策のため、分裂の危機をはらんでおり、また共産党の指導部にいた陳独秀(ちんどくしゅう/チェントゥーシウ)らは右翼日和見(ひよりみ)主義にたち、断固とした闘争を行わなかった。国民党右派勢力をひそかに背後にもつ蒋介石は、共産党員である中山艦の艦長李之竜に広州から広州郊外の黄埔(こうほ)への移動を命じておきながら、無断で軍艦を動かしたとして、李之竜以下共産党員を逮捕し、広州の重要拠点を占拠し、反共クーデターを起こした。

 これは最初の反共挑発であったが、国民党主席の汪兆銘(おうちょうめい/ワンチャオミン)が蒋介石に抗議して外遊するという形で終わり、適切な解決はされなかった。この事件以後、軍事権をバックに蒋介石と国民党右派が実権を掌握した。

[安藤彦太郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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