Aleksandr Vasil'evich Chayanov

A Russian agricultural economist. After graduating from Petrovsk Agricultural University, he became professor at the university's Department of Agricultural Economics. At the time of the Russian Revolution of 1917, he became Deputy Minister of Agriculture in the Provisional Government and Chairman of the Central Council of Agricultural Unions, but was arrested on charges of counter-revolution in Stalin's purges at the end of the 1920s, and is said to have died around 1939. In 1923, he published "Principles of Peasant Economy," in which he clarified the family economic characteristics of peasant economics and its nature as a consumption-oriented business in his analysis of the state of Russian agriculture. His research has had a major impact on research into peasant economics in Japan and other countries.

[Katsujiro Fujita]

"Principles of Peasant Economics, translated by Hidetoshi Isobe and Tadao Sugino, revised edition (1957, Daimeido)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ロシアの農業経済学者。ペトロフスク農科大学を卒業後、同大学の農業経済学科の主任教授となる。1917年のロシア革命当時、臨時政府の農務次官や農業組合中央評議会議長となったが、20年代末スターリンの粛清を受け反革命のかどで逮捕され、39年ごろ死亡したといわれる。23年に『小農経済の原理』を刊行し、小農経済の家族経済的特徴や消費を目的とする性質などをロシア農業についての実態分析のなかで明らかにした。彼の研究は、日本をはじめ他国における小農経済の研究にも大きな影響を与えている。

［藤田勝次郎］

『磯辺秀俊・杉野忠夫訳『小農経済の原理』増訂版（1957・大明堂）』

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