A town in northwestern Turkey. Originating from the city of Nicaea, founded by the Kingdom of Macedonia in the 4th century BC, it became a province of the ancient Roman Empire in the 1st century BC. It became the first capital of the Seljuk Turks in the 11th century, but was recaptured by the Crusaders and the Byzantine Empire. It came under Ottoman control in the 13th century and took on its current name. The old town is surrounded by Roman walls, and in addition to the remains of a theater, the oldest Ottoman Haci Ozbek Mosque and the Yesil Mosque with its green minaret remain. It is a production center of Iznik pottery, which flourished in the 16th century, and tiles in particular were widely used to decorate Ottoman architecture. Source: About Shogakukan Digital Daijisen Information | Legend |
トルコ北西部の町。紀元前4世紀にマケドニア王国が建設した都市ニカイアに起源し、前1世紀より古代ローマ帝国の属州になった。11世紀にセルジュークトルコの最初の首都となったが、十字軍と東ローマ帝国により奪還された。13世紀にオスマン帝国の支配下となり、現名称で呼ばれるようになった。旧市街はローマ時代の城壁に囲まれ、劇場の遺跡があるほか、オスマン朝最古のハジュオズベクモスクや、緑色の尖塔をもつイェシルモスクなどが残っている。16世紀に隆盛したイズニク陶器の産地であり、特にタイルはオスマン朝建築の装飾に広く用いられた。
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