Also called a polynomial. Generally, an expression consisting only of the product of numbers and several letters, such as n , 4 x , 1/2 xy , -3 x 2 yz, is called a monomial. An expression that is the algebraic sum of two or more such monomials, that is, an expression of the form 4 x + 1/2 xy -3 x 2 yz, is called a polynomial, and each monomial that makes up this algebraic sum is called a term of the polynomial. Depending on the number of terms, it is called a binomial, trinomial, etc. A monomial can also be thought of as a polynomial with one term. Also, when focusing on a single letter x , an expression of the form f ( x ) = a 0 x n + a 1 x n -1 + ... + a n -1 x + a n is called a polynomial of degree n in x . Here, a 0 , a 1 , ..., a n are constants unrelated to x . Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
整式ともいう。一般に n ,4x ,1/2xy ,-3x2yz などのように,数およびいくつかの文字の積だけから成る式を単項式 monomialという。このような単項式の2つ以上の代数和となっている式,すなわち 4x+1/2xy-3x2yz の形の式を多項式といい,その代数和をつくる各単項式を,多項式の項という。項の個数に従って,2項式,3項式,…などと呼ぶ。単項式を項が1つの多項式と考えることもある。また1つの文字 x に着目した場合には,f(x)=a0xn+a1xn-1+…+an-1x+an の形の式を x の n 次の多項式という。ここで a0 ,a1 ,…,an は x に関係しない定数である。
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