Sungkyunkwan (English spelling)

Japanese: 成均館 - せいきんかん（英語表記）Sǒngkyunkwan

A representative facility for Korean Confucian education. Built in Hanseong (Seoul) in the 6th year of the reign of King Taejo (1398), Sungkyunkwan had an initial capacity of 200 students to take the civil service examination. It was subsequently destroyed several times by fire and war, and the current building was rebuilt in the 39th year of the reign of King Seonjo (1606). Today, it is made up of the Literature Temple, a religious area consisting of Daeseongjeon, which enshrines 17 Chinese sages, and the two "Hwang" buildings on either side, which enshrine 182 Chinese and Korean sages, and Myeongryundang, which has the character of a national university. While local Literature Temples, also called Hyanggyo, were given priority for their educational function, Sungkyunkwan was given priority for its religious function, and is characterized by its layout of the temple and the school, with Daeseongjeon in front.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

朝鮮儒学教育の代表的な施設。漢城 (ソウル) に太祖6 (1398) 年に建立され，当初定員 200人の学生が科挙を目指した。その後，火事や戦争で何度か焼失し，宣祖 39 (1606) 年に現在の建物が再建された。今日では，中国聖賢 17位を奉る大成殿およびその左右にある中国と韓国の諸賢 182位を奉る「廡」から成る宗教領域としての文廟と，国立大学の性格をもつ明倫堂によって構成されている。地方の文廟は郷校ともいい，教育的機能が優先されたのに対して，成均館は宗教的機能が優先され，大成殿を前面とする前廟後学の配置が特徴的である。

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