British author. Born in Scotland. After graduating from the University of Edinburgh, he practiced surgery. Later, he edited the Leeds Times and was involved in railway business. He met G. Stevenson, the inventor of the steam locomotive, and published a biography of him (1857), which was well received. He was enthusiastic about political and social reform movements and the intellectual and social advancement of the working class from the standpoint of the Manchester School, and actively gave lectures. This resulted in the publication of Self-Help (1859, translated into Japanese as Saigoku Risshihen during the Meiji period). The virtues emphasized in the book, such as self-education, self-reliance, honesty, and thrift, caused a great stir, and it became a major enlightening book in Victorian England, and was translated into languages all over the world. [Takeshi Nishida] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスの著述家。スコットランド生まれ。エジンバラ大学卒業後、外科医を開業。のち『リーズ・タイムズ』の編集や鉄道事業にかかわる。蒸気機関車の発明者G・スティーブンソンに出会い、その伝記を発表(1857)、好評を博した。マンチェスター学派の立場にたった政治・社会改革運動や労働者階級の知的社会的向上に熱意を示し、積極的に講演活動を行った。その結果が『自助論(セルフ・ヘルプ)』(1859。明治時代の邦訳名『西国(さいごく)立志編』)の公刊となって現れた。そこで強調されている自学、独立独行、誠実、節倹などの諸徳は多大の反響をよび、ビクトリア朝イギリスの一大啓蒙(けいもう)書となって、世界各国語に翻訳された。 [西田 毅] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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