The struggle to regain the right to strike

Japanese: スト権奪還闘争 - ストけんだっかんとうそう

This refers to the struggle of labor unions to restore the right to strike for public servants and public corporation employees who are prohibited by law from engaging in industrial action. The Labor Union Law enacted in 1945 granted public servants the right to strike, but the process described below led to the prohibition of industrial action. In July 1948, Cabinet Order No. 201, issued based on the MacArthur letter, prohibited industrial action for all public servants, including field employees, and the National Public Service Law, which was revised and enacted in December of the same year, allowed the formation of employee organizations, but limited their membership to employees, restricted the right to collective bargaining, and completely and uniformly prohibited industrial action, imposing criminal penalties on those who "conspired, instigated, or instigated the carrying out of industrial action, or who attempted such actions" (the Local Public Service Law, which came into effect in February 1951, took similar measures).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

法律で争議行為を禁止されている公務員および公共企業体職員の争議権を回復するための労働組合の闘争をいう。1945年制定の労働組合法では公務員にも争議権が認められていたが，以下にのべる経過で争議行為は禁止されるに至った。1948年7月マッカーサー書簡にもとづいて発せられた政令201号は，現業を含むすべての公務員の争議行為を禁止し，続いて同年12月改正施行された国家公務員法は，職員団体の結成は認めたが，その構成員を職員に限定し，団体交渉権を制限し，かつ争議行為を全面一律に禁止し，その〈遂行を共謀し，そそのかし，もしくはあおり，又はこれらの行為を企てた者〉に刑罰を科することとした(1951年2月施行の地方公務員法も同様の措置を講じた)。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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