Deep sea submersible - Shinkai Sensui-tei

Japanese: 深海潜水艇 - しんかいせんすいてい

Also called a submersible research vessel. A submersible that conducts scientific research on the ocean and the seafloor. It usually refers to a vessel that can dive to a depth of 1,000 meters or more below the surface. Starting with experiments with suspended bathyspheres in the 1930s in the United States, in the 1950s, so-called bathyscaphes such as FNRS3 and Trieste were built as deep-sea submersibles that could navigate and control themselves, making it possible to conduct diving surveys to depths of several thousand to 10,000 meters or more. These bathyscaphe-type vessels that use gasoline as a buoyant material were retired from active use with the Trieste II built by the U.S. Navy in 1964, and since then, many small, lightweight, high-performance deep-sea submersibles that use hollow glass spheres as a buoyant material have been built. The representative Japanese deep-sea submersible is the Shinkai 6500 (diving depth 6,500 meters), which began operation in 1991. The tethered, unmanned probe Kaiko recorded a depth of 10,911 meters in 1995.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

潜水調査船とも。海中・海底の科学的調査を行う潜水艇。水面下1000m以上の潜航深度をもつものを指すことが多い。1930年代，米国での，つり下げ式の潜水球での実験を端緒とし，1950年代に自ら航行操縦できる深海潜水艇としてFNRS3号，トリエステ号などのいわゆるバチスカーフが建造され，数千〜１万m以上の潜水調査が可能となった。ガソリンを浮力材として用いるこれらのバチスカーフ型は，米海軍が1964年に建造したトリエステII号を最後に現役を退き，以後は浮力材として中空ガラス球を用いた小型軽量の高性能深海潜水艇が多く建造されている。日本の深海潜水艇としては，1991年運用を開始した〈しんかい6500〉（潜水深度6500m）が代表的。また有索無人の探査機〈かいこう〉は1995年に１万911mを記録している。

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