Shiran (Purple orchid) - Shiran

Japanese: シラン(紫蘭) - しらん
Shiran (Purple orchid) - Shiran

A perennial plant of the orchid family (APG classification: Orchidaceae). It has pseudobulbs that grow in a row like a glaucoma plant. It has 4-5 alternate leaves, oblong, 20-30 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, and prominent vertical wrinkles. A 30-70 cm tall flower stalk emerges from between the leaves, and in May and June, several crimson-purple flowers bloom sparsely. The lateral petals open flat, are prominent, and measure about 5 cm in diameter. The lip petal is rolled inward to form a tube, and has five vertical folds. It has no spur. It grows in slightly damp grasslands and forest edges on low mountains, and is distributed from the Kanto region west of Honshu to Kyushu, as well as the Korean Peninsula and China. The pseudobulbs are used in traditional Chinese medicine to stop bleeding and relieve pain. The name comes from the color of the flower.

The genus Bleucia is characterized by powdery pollen masses, leaves that are jointed at the base, and terminal inflorescences. Nine species are found in East Asia.

[Ken Inoue May 21, 2019]

Horticultural varieties include the white-flowered white orchid, and the Fukurin orchid, which has white margins on the leaf edges. Hybrids with the sawara orchid and the Nariya orchid have also been produced. It is hardy and easy to grow, and is used as a ground cover plant. It is propagated by division in March to April or October. Humus loam is best.

[Masao Inomata May 21, 2019]

Silane
The leaves are oblong with prominent vertical wrinkles. From May to June, several crimson-purple flowers bloom sparsely at the end of the flower stalk. The lip is tubular with five vertical folds. ©Shogakukan Photo by Masatoshi Hirose ">

Silane


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ラン科(APG分類:ラン科)の多年草。偽鱗茎(ぎりんけい)があり、エビネ状に連なる。葉は4、5枚互生し、長楕円(ちょうだえん)形、長さ20~30センチメートル、幅2~5センチメートル、縦じわが目だつ。葉の間から高さ30~70センチメートルの花茎を出し、5~6月、紅紫色の花を数個まばらに開く。側花弁は平開し、径約5センチメートルで目だつ。唇弁は内側に巻いて筒状となり、5条の縦ひだがある。距(きょ)はない。低山のやや湿った草地や林縁に生え、関東地方以西の本州から九州、および朝鮮半島、中国に分布する。偽鱗茎は漢方で止血、痛み止めに用いる。名は花色に基づく。

 シラン属は粉質の花粉塊があり、葉が基部で関節し、花序は頂生するなどの特徴がある。東アジアに9種分布する。

[井上 健 2019年5月21日]

 園芸品種としては、白色花のシロバナシラン、葉の縁に白色の覆輪斑(ふ)があるフクリンシランがある。また、サワラン、ナリヤランなどとの交雑種も作出されている。性質は強健で育てやすく、地被植物として利用される。繁殖は3~4月または10月、株分けで行う。腐植質壌土がよい。

[猪股正夫 2019年5月21日]

シラン
葉は長楕円形で縦じわが目だつ。5~6月、花茎の先に紅紫色の花を数個まばらに開く。唇弁は筒状で5条の縦ひだがある©Shogakukan 撮影/広瀬雅敏">

シラン


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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