Intendant (English spelling)

Japanese: アンタンダン（英語表記）intendant

In 17th and 18th century France, the royal government, which promoted centralization, dispatched direct administrative bureaucrats to each region. They are translated as local inspectors or prefects, but their official name is "inspector of justice, police, and finances," and they tried to directly link the regions to the central royal government with these three powers. Unlike the public office holders, they were modern administrative bureaucrats who were prohibited from selling their positions or inheriting them, and they were an important tool in the formation of a centralized modern sovereign state. They were officially established in the Code Michau in 1629, but there was strong opposition from the Parlement, old bureaucrats, and local powers, which was one of the causes of the Fronde Rebellion. It became an established system during the direct rule of Louis XIV from 1661.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

17～18世紀フランスにおいて，中央集権を推進する国王政府が各地方に派遣した直轄行政官僚。地方監察官，知事などと訳されるが，正式名称は「司法・警察・財務の監察官」 intendant de justice，police et financesといわれ，この3権限をもって地方を中央の国王政府に直結させようとした。官職保有者層と異なり，売官と相続が禁止された近代的行政官僚として集権的近代主権国家形成のにない手になった。 1629年の『ミショー法典』 Code Michauによって正式に定められたが，高等法院や旧官僚，地方勢力の反発が強くフロンドの乱の一原因となった。 61年以降のルイ 14世親政時代になって制度として定着した。

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