Ejection seat

Japanese: 射出座席 - しゃしゅつざせき

A device for safely escaping from an aircraft, generally installed on military aircraft flying at high speeds. When aircraft were first equipped with parachutes for emergency escapes, crew members escaped by climbing over the cockpit or flying upside down. However, as aircraft speeds increased, measures were needed to withstand the wind pressure experienced during escape and to avoid contact with the aircraft, especially the vertical tail, and so ejection seats were devised, which eject crew members from the aircraft along with their seats and then descend by parachute.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

航空機から安全に脱出するための装置で，一般に高速で飛行する軍用機に装備される。航空機からの非常脱出用にパラシュートが装備された当初，搭乗員は機外へ操縦席を乗り越えるか背面飛行状態にして脱出していた。しかし，航空機の速度が増大するにつれて，脱出時に受ける風圧に耐え，機体，特に垂直尾翼に接触することを避けるための対策が必要となり，搭乗員を座席ごと機外に射出したのちパラシュートで降下させる射出座席が考案された。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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