A lute-type plucked instrument from North India. It is about 130 cm long, has a long teak neck, and a body made of half a pumpkin covered with teak boards. The neck is about 90 cm long and 8 cm wide, and is concave, to which bow-shaped frets are attached with string. There are usually 20 frets made of brass. Their position is adjusted according to the raga (mode) being played. There are seven main strings, two of which are chikari strings for rhythm and drone. There are 13 sympathetic strings stretched under the frets. All are made of metal. The player plays the sitar by placing the thumb of the right hand at the base of the body and wearing a wire claw on the index finger. The sitar is said to have been invented from the Persian setar around the 14th century, and became known worldwide through the performance of Ravi Shankar. [Noriko Shibata] [References] |Mid-19th century, wood, length 135.9 cm, owned by the Metropolitan Museum of India sitar Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
北インドのリュート型撥弦(はつげん)楽器。全長約130センチメートル、チーク材製の長い棹(さお)と、カボチャの半割りにチーク板を張った胴体をもつ。棹は長さ約90センチメートル、幅約8センチメートルで凹型にくぼんでおり、これに弓状に湾曲したフレットを紐(ひも)で結び付ける。フレットは真鍮(しんちゅう)製で、通常20個。その位置は、演奏ラーガ(旋法)によって調節する。主要弦は7本、そのうち2本はリズム、ドローン用のチカリ弦。フレットの下には13本の共鳴弦を張る。すべて金属製。右手の親指を胴体の付け根に置き、人差し指に針金製の爪(つめ)をはめて弾奏する。シタールは14世紀ごろペルシアのセタールから考案されたといわれ、ラビ・シャンカールの演奏によって世界的に知られるようになった。 [柴田典子] [参照項目] |19世紀中ごろ 木 全長135.9cm インドメトロポリタン美術館所蔵"> シタール 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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