Shida Rinzaburou - Shida Rinzaburou

Electrical engineer. Born in Hizen Province (Saga Prefecture). He studied at the Saga Domain English School, and entered the Engineering Department of the Ministry of Public Works (later renamed the Imperial College of Public Works) in 1872 (Meiji 5). In 1879, he was the only student to graduate from the Telegraph Department as part of the first class of the Imperial College of Public Works. During this time, he studied under Englishman Ayrton, who was a foreign professor employed by the government, and from 1880 to 1883, he studied under Kelvin and others at the University of Glasgow. After returning to Japan, he became a Chief Engineer of the Ministry of Public Works and a professor at the Imperial College of Public Works. He later served as a professor at the College of Technology of the University of Tokyo, principal of the Tokyo Telegraph School, and director of the Ministry of Public Works Bureau. He was active in the early days of the telegraph and electricity industry and in administrative affairs, such as the establishment of the Electric Lighting Line Installation Law and the Telephone Exchange Regulations. In 1886, he is famous for conducting tests of telecommunications (wireless telegraphs), which are called the conductive or induction type and do not use communication wires, on both sides of the Sumida River, about 100 meters apart. He died of illness at the young age of 37.

[Satoshi Ihara]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

電気工学者。肥前国（佐賀県）の生まれ。佐賀藩英学校に学び、1872年（明治5）工部省工学寮（のち工部大学校と改称）に入学、1879年工部大学校第1回卒業生として電信科をただ1人卒業。この間お雇い外国人教授でイギリス人のエアトンに学び、1880～1883年にはグラスゴー大学に留学してケルビンらに師事した。帰国後、工部権小技長兼工部大学校教授となり、その後、東京大学工科大学教授、東京電信学校校長、逓信(ていしん)省工部局長などを歴任。「電灯線施設法」「電話交換規則」の制定など創草期の電信・電気事業や行政面で活躍した。1886年、通信線を用いない伝導式あるいは誘導式といわれる電気通信（無線電信）試験を隅田(すみだ)川の両岸約100メートルで行ったことは有名。37歳の若さで病没した。

［井原　聰］

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