A large egg-sized mass of gray matter in the upper half of the diencephalon. It is mainly involved in animal functions and serves as a relay nucleus for ascending (sensory) fibers. All senses except for the sense of smell are relayed here. The thalamus contains many nuclei, the sensory relay nuclei are called specialized nuclei, and the rest are called non-special nuclei. The fiber system ascending from the specialized nuclei to the cerebral cortex is part of the activating system ascending from the brainstem reticular formation, and awakens the cerebral cortex in response to sensory stimuli. In contrast, the group of fibers ascending from the non-special nuclei to the cerebral cortex is called the diffuse thalamic projection system. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
間脳の上半部にある大きな卵大の灰白質。主として動物性機能に関係し,上行性 (感覚性) 線維の中継核になっている。嗅覚以外のすべての感覚がここで中継される。視床には多数の核が含まれるが,感覚の中継核を特殊核といい,それ以外の核を非特殊核という。特殊核から大脳皮質に上行する線維系は,脳幹網様体から上行する賦活系の一部をなしており,感覚刺激によって大脳皮質を目ざめ状態にする。これに対して,非特殊核から大脳皮質に上行する線維群は広汎性視床投射系と呼ばれる。
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