Four History Movement (English: Four History Movement)

Japanese: 四史運動 - ししうんどう（英語表記）Sì shǐ yùn dòng

In China, a movement to write four histories, including the "history of the family," the "history of the village," the "history of the people's commune," and the "history of the factory," was promoted as part of the socialist movement in rural and urban areas that began in 1962. Many of the Four Histories were written in this way, with university and vocational school teachers and students, as well as staff from institutions, mobilized in large numbers to rural areas and factories, where they conducted research for older people there. The purpose of this was to unearth the history of class struggle and educate the next generation, but it involved sharp differences over how to evaluate the history after the founding of the People's Republic of China, particularly the Great Leap Forward policy of 1958, which was implemented under the leadership of Mao Zedong and ended in failure. In the end, the Four Histories movement was left half-done, and the issue was carried over to the Cultural Revolution.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国，1962年に始められた農村と都市における社会主義運動の一環としてすすめられた，〈家の歴史〉〈村の歴史〉〈人民公社の歴史〉〈工場の歴史〉など四つの歴史を書く運動。大学･専門学校の教員や学生，機関のスタッフなどを大量に動員して農村や工場に下ろし，彼らが当地の年輩のものにむかって調査をすすめる方法で，多くの四史が書かれた。その目的は，階級闘争の歴史を掘りおこし次の世代を教育する，というものであったが，そこには，新中国成立後の歴史，とりわけ毛沢東の指導下にすすめられ失敗に終わった58年の大躍進政策をどう評価するかをめぐって尖鋭な対立がからんでおり，四史運動は結局中途はんぱに終わり，問題は文化大革命へと持ちこされていった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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