Wilting - Wilting
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This phenomenon occurs when the amount of water lost by a living organism exceeds the amount of water absorbed due to various reasons, such as a decrease in soil moisture. A typical example is the shriveled appearance of a plant on a hot summer's day. Plant cells are generally covered with hard cell walls, and cells that have absorbed sufficient water maintain a taut shape due to turgor pressure. Water transpiration from the plant body is mainly due to cuticular transpiration from the surface of the leaves and stomatal transpiration from the stomata. With stomatal transpiration, the amount of transpiration increases depending on the opening of the stomata, and is at its highest during the daytime period when photosynthesis is active. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
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土壌の水分減少など種々の原因によって生体による水の蒸散量が吸水量を上回るときにおこる現象をいう。真夏の暑い日中に植物がげんなりしぼんでいるのがその典型である。植物の細胞は一般に固い細胞壁でおおわれており，十分に水分を吸収した細胞はその膨圧によっていわゆる張りのある形を維持している。植物体からの水分の蒸散は，主として葉の表面からのクチクラ蒸散と気孔からの気孔蒸散による。気孔蒸散では，気孔の開きぐあいに応じて蒸散量が増大し，日中の光合成が活発な時期に最大となる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について 情報 |
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