Sanyo Main Line - Sanyo Main Line

Japanese: 山陽本線 - さんようほんせん
Sanyo Main Line - Sanyo Main Line

The name of the track of West Japan Railway Company and Kyushu Railway Company that runs along the Seto Inland Sea coast in the Kinki and Chugoku regions. 528.1 km between Kobe and Shimonoseki (West Japan Railway Company), 6.3 km between Shimonoseki and Moji (Kyushu Railway Company), and 2.7 km between Hyogo and Wadamisaki (West Japan Railway Company). Double track except for the section between Hyogo and Wadamisaki (some sections have 3-5 tracks), all lines electrified (DC, AC only within Moji Station). A trunk railway that runs through the Sanyo region, it links with the Tokaido Main Line to link the Pacific Belt Zone, which is Japan's densely populated and industrial area. Cities along the line include Akashi, Kakogawa, Himeji, Aioi, Okayama, Kurashiki, Kasaoka, Fukuyama, Onomichi, Mihara, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Otake, Iwakuni, Yanai, Shunan, Hofu, Ube, Onoda, Shimonoseki, and Kitakyushu, as well as tourist destinations that are part of the Seto Inland Sea National Park. The section between Kobe and Bakan (now Shimonoseki) was opened by the Sanyo Railway between 1888 and 1901 (Meiji 21-34), and was nationalized in 1906. With the opening of the Kanmon Tunnel in 1942 (Showa 17) during World War II, the line was extended to Moji. Electrification was partially carried out between Kobe and Nishi-Akashi in 1934 and 1944 as part of the Keihanshin National Railways section, and between Hatabu and Moji in 1942 when the Kanmon Tunnel was opened, but electrification for main line trains was completed between 1958 and 1969 (Showa 33-44). With the parallel opening of the Shinkansen between Shin-Osaka and Okayama in 1972 and between Okayama and Hakata in 1975, the line's function as an intercity passenger transport line declined, and its main role shifted to short-distance transport between individual cities. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways in 1987, it became part of West Japan Railway Company and Kyushu Railway Company.

[Eiichi Aoki and Ryo Aoki]

[Reference item] | Tokaido-Sanyo Shinkansen

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

近畿・中国地方の瀬戸内海沿岸を走る西日本旅客鉄道および九州旅客鉄道の線路名称。神戸―下関(しものせき)間528.1キロメートル(西日本旅客鉄道)と下関―門司(もじ)間6.3キロメートル(九州旅客鉄道)および兵庫―和田岬間2.7キロメートル(西日本旅客鉄道)。兵庫―和田岬間を除き複線(一部に3~5線区間がある)、全線電化(直流、門司駅構内のみ交流)。山陽地方を縦貫する幹線鉄道で、東海道本線と結んで日本の人口集中地区、工業地区である太平洋ベルト地帯を結んでいる。沿線には明石(あかし)、加古川(かこがわ)、姫路、相生(あいおい)、岡山、倉敷、笠岡(かさおか)、福山、尾道(おのみち)、三原(みはら)、東広島、広島、大竹、岩国、柳井(やない)、周南(しゅうなん)、防府(ほうふ)、宇部(うべ)、小野田(おのだ)、下関(しものせき)、北九州などの都市、瀬戸内海国立公園に属する観光地がある。神戸―馬関(ばかん)(現、下関)間は山陽鉄道によって1888~1901年(明治21~34)開業、1906年国有化された。第二次世界大戦中の1942年(昭和17)関門トンネルの開通によって、門司まで延長されている。電化は京阪神国電区間の一部として、神戸―西明石間が1934年および1944年に、関門トンネルの開通に際して幡生(はたぶ)―門司間が1942年と部分的に行われたが、幹線列車のための電化は1958~1969年(昭和33~44)に完成した。1972年に新大阪―岡山間、1975年に岡山―博多(はかた)間に新幹線が並行して開業して、都市間旅客輸送の機能は低下し、各都市を中心とする短距離輸送に主たる役割が移っている。1987年、日本国有鉄道の分割民営化に伴い、西日本旅客鉄道、九州旅客鉄道に所属。

[青木栄一・青木 亮]

[参照項目] | 東海道・山陽新幹線

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