Konark - Konarak (English spelling)

Japanese: コナーラク - こなーらく(英語表記)Konarak
Konark - Konarak (English spelling)

A Hindu ruin in Orissa, India. Built by Narasimhadeva I (reigned 1238-64) of the Ganga dynasty, this temple is dedicated to the sun god Surya and is famous for being a typical example of medieval Hindu temple architecture and sculpture in South India. Its nickname "Black Pagoda" comes from the fact that it was a landmark for ships sailing in the Bay of Bengal. Currently, the vast temple grounds only include the pyramidal front hall (approximately 33 meters high), while the main hall has been almost completely destroyed and only the base remains. The main hall and front hall have twelve wheels, each about three meters in diameter, carved on each side of the high base, which were created to resemble a large float, and the carved reliefs of the wheels and the side walls of the base depict many bold scenes of sexual intercourse. The horse and elephant sculptures on both sides of the temple grounds, which were created to protect the temple, are excellent as giant statues. It was registered as a World Heritage Site in 1984 (World Cultural Heritage Site).

[Shinichi Nagai]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

インド、オリッサ州にあるヒンドゥー教の遺跡。ガンガー朝のナラシンハデーバ1世(在位1238~64)によって建てられた太陽神スーリヤを祀(まつ)る寺院で、南インドの中世ヒンドゥー教の寺院建築・彫刻の典型を示すものとして名高い。俗称「ブラック・パゴダ」はベンガル湾を航海する船の目標となったためつけられたもの。現在、広大な寺域にあるのはピラミッド形の前殿(高さ約33メートル)だけで、本殿はほとんど破壊されて基壇だけが残っている。本殿と前殿の高い基壇の両側面に、片側だけ12個ずつ彫られた直径約3メートルの車輪は、建築全体を大きな山車(だし)になぞらえてつくられたもので、車の浮彫りの装飾と基壇の側壁には、彫刻で男女交合の大胆なシーンが数多く表されている。また寺院守護のためにつくられた寺域両側の馬と象の彫刻は、巨像として優れたものである。1984年に世界遺産の文化遺産として登録されている(世界文化遺産)。

[永井信一]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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