An architectural style that originated in the 1920s with the Bauhaus and others, and dominated the world from after World War II until the 1950s. The name is said to come from a book written by HR Hitchcock and P. Johnson at an architecture exhibition held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1932. It developed against the backdrop of the standardization of forms that accompanied the spread of steel-framed and reinforced concrete construction. It is characterized by a combination of volumes, regularity, and lack of decoration, and its form resembles a rectangular box. Representative works include W. Gropius's Bauhaus building (1926), Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye (1931), and Mies van der Rohe and Johnson's Seagram Building (1958). It became the mainstream of high-rise office architecture, but in the 1960s, its uniformity began to be criticized. → Related article Postmodernism Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
1920年代のバウハウスなどに端を発し,第2次大戦後から1950年代にかけて世界的な支配傾向となった建築様式。インターナショナル・スタイルinternational styleの訳。名称は1932年ニューヨーク近代美術館で開かれた建築展の際にH.R.ヒッチコックとP.ジョンソンが著した書物に由来するとされる。鉄骨造・鉄筋コンクリート造の普及にともなう造形の規格化を背景として発展。ボリュームの組合せ,規則性,無装飾性が特徴で,形態的には長方形の箱を思わせる。代表的作品にW.グロピウスのバウハウス校舎(1926年),ル・コルビュジエのサボア邸(1931年),ミース・ファン・デル・ローエとジョンソンのシーグラム・ビル(1958年)などがある。高層事務所建築の主流をなしたが,1960年代に入りその画一性が批判の対象となりはじめた。 →関連項目ポスト・モダニズム 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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