A mathematical model of the calculations performed by a computer. Several types of computational models have been proposed, but the most famous is the Turing machine invented by AM Turing. A Turing machine consists of a finite-state control unit, a tape that extends infinitely to the left and right, and a head for reading the symbols on the tape (Figure). The tape is divided into squares, and each square contains one of a finite number of predetermined symbols. In the initial state, a finite number of squares on the tape contain the input symbol, and the remaining infinite squares contain blank symbols. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
コンピューターが行う計算を数学的に表したモデルのこと。計算モデルとしては複数の種類が提唱されているが,もっとも有名なのはA.M.チューリング が考案したチューリング機械である。チューリング機械は,有限状態の制御部と,左右無限に伸びたテープと,そのテープ上の記号を読み取るためのヘッドからなる(図)。 テープは桝目に分られており,それぞれの桝目には,あらかじめ決められた有限種類の記号の一つが入る。初期状態ではテープの有限個の桝目に入力の記号が入っており,残りの無限個の桝目には空白記号が入っている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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