National Police Agency

This is a national organization in charge of police administration. It was established under the National Public Safety Commission based on the Police Law (Law No. 162 of 1954). Under the supervision of the National Public Safety Commission, it is responsible for affairs for which the state is responsible (planning and drafting police systems, responding to large-scale disasters and international terrorist incidents, traffic control on major national roads, etc.), affairs that should be centrally managed from a national perspective (police communications, criminal forensics, crime statistics, police equipment, etc.), and coordination affairs related to police administration. It also assists the National Public Safety Commission in affairs that are given the authority of the Commission by law (appointment and dismissal of police officers with the rank of superintendent or higher of prefectural police, establishment of National Public Safety Commission rules, designation of judicial police officers, affairs based on the Law on Prevention of Transfer of Crime Proceeds, etc.).

The head of the National Police Agency is the Commissioner General of the National Police Agency, who supervises the National Police Agency in accordance with the general policy established by the National Public Safety Commission, and commands and supervises prefectural police forces regarding the affairs under the jurisdiction of the National Police Agency. The internal bureaus are the Commissioner General's Office, the Public Safety Bureau, the Criminal Affairs Bureau, the Traffic Bureau, the Security Bureau, and the Information and Communications Bureau, and the affiliated organizations are the National Police Academy, the National Research Institute of Police Science, and the Imperial Guard Headquarters, and the seven regional police bureaus in Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu, Kinki, Chugoku, Shikoku, and Kyushu, as well as the police communications departments in Tokyo and Hokkaido. In principle, police affairs are carried out by prefectural police, but the Imperial Guard Headquarters is directly responsible for the affairs of the Imperial Guard.

[Masahiro Tamura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

警察行政を担当する国家機関。警察法（昭和29年法律第162号）に基づいて国家公安委員会に設置された。国家公安委員会の管理の下で、国家として責任を負うべき事務（警察制度の企画・立案、大規模な災害・国際テロ事案等への対処、全国的な幹線道路における交通規制等）、全国的な見地から中央において統括すべき事務（警察通信、犯罪鑑識、犯罪統計、警察装備等）および警察行政に関する調整事務をつかさどる。また、法律により国家公安委員会の権限とされた事務（都道府県警察の警視正以上の階級にある警察官の任免、国家公安委員会規則の制定、司法警察職員の指定、犯罪収益移転防止法に基づく事務等）について、同委員会を補佐する。

　警察庁の長は警察庁長官で、国家公安委員会の定める大綱方針に即して警察庁を統括し、警察庁の所掌事務について都道府県警察を指揮監督する。内部部局として長官官房、生活安全局、刑事局、交通局、警備局および情報通信局が、付属機関として警察大学校、科学警察研究所、皇宮警察本部が、地方機関として東北・関東・中部・近畿・中国・四国・九州の7管区警察局と東京都および北海道各警察通信部がそれぞれ置かれている。原則として、警察事務の執行は都道府県警察が行うが、皇宮警察の事務に関しては、皇宮警察本部が直接あたっている。

［田村正博］

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