When an atomic group formed by chemical bonds contains an extremely large number of atoms, it is called a macromolecule. It can refer to molecules that can be identified as having a very large molecular weight (approximately 10,000 or more) (polymeric compounds such as proteins and fibers), but it also includes molecules whose boundaries cannot be determined. For example, diamond is an example of a macromolecule made of carbon atoms, and one carat (0.2 g) contains 10 21 carbon atoms . Graphite (C), quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO 2 ), silicon carbide (SiC), and boron nitride (BN) are also examples of macromolecules. In addition, crystals of sodium chloride (NaCl) can also be considered macromolecules in a sense, since they are not made up of molecules in units of NaCl, but rather the entire single crystal is bound together by ionic bonds. Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
化学結合によって生ずる一つの原子集団がきわめて多数の原子を含んでいるとき,これを巨大分子という。非常に大きな分子量(目安としては1万以上)をもつ分子として特定できるもの(タンパク質や繊維などの高分子化合物)をさすこともあるが,どこまでが一つの分子であるか特定できないものも含める。たとえば,ダイヤモンドは炭素原子からなる巨大分子の例で1カラット(0.2g)で1021個の炭素原子からなる物質である。黒鉛C,水晶(二酸化ケイ素SiO2),炭化ケイ素SiC,窒化ホウ素BNも巨大分子の例である。また,塩化ナトリウムNaClの結晶のようなものも,NaClという単位で分子をつくっているのではなくて,単結晶全体がイオン結合によって結びついているので,ある意味で巨大分子とみなすことができる。
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