Ultimate strength

Japanese: 極限強さ - きょくげんつよさ(英語表記)ultimate strength
Ultimate strength
Materials and structures are usually designed so that the stresses that occur during use are below the yield point of the material, except in localized areas such as stress concentration areas. However, even if the stress in general areas exceeds the yield point and plastic deformation occurs, the material does not immediately break and can still withstand a certain amount of increased load. If the load is then increased further, the deformation of the material increases rapidly, causing destruction. Ultimate strength indicates the load or stress that a material or structure can withstand without breaking or collapsing, and is expressed as the magnitude of the load (ultimate load) or stress at that time.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
通常,材料や構造物は使用の際に発生する応力が,応力集中部などの局部を除けば材料の降伏点以下となるように設計される。しかし,一般部の応力が降伏点をこえて塑性変形が発生しても,ただちに破損するわけではなく,なおいくらかの荷重増加に耐えることができる。そこでさらに荷重を増していくと材料の変形が急激に増加するようになって破壊を引き起こす。材料や構造物がどの程度の荷重あるいは応力まで破壊や崩壊を起こさないでいられるかを示すのが極限強さであり,そのときの荷重(極限荷重)あるいは応力の大きさで表される。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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