Fallow water retention

Japanese: 休閑保水 - きゅうかんほすい
Fallow water retention

...In these places, in order to retain the little rainfall in the soil and make effective use of it, the land was left fallow for a year or more, during which time the topsoil was often cultivated shallowly with a plough to cut the soil's capillaries and suppress evaporation and retain moisture, and millets, beans, and wheat were cultivated the following summer, or wheat and oats in the winter. In arid regions where irrigation water is not available, such as Southwest Asia, Northwest India, and the northern Mediterranean, fallow farming, which retains moisture from the little rainfall, made it possible to cultivate crops, and together with irrigation farming, fallow farming supported the construction of ancient civilizations in these regions. A typical example of fallowing for weed control is the three-field farming system (three-field system) under the open land system in feudal Europe.

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "fallow water retention" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…それらの場所では少ない雨を土壌中に保持して有効に利用するために,1年あるいはそれ以上の期間休閑とし,その間,犂(すき)でしばしば表土を浅く耕し,土壌中の毛管を切断して蒸発を抑制,保水し,翌夏にミレット類,マメ類を,あるいは冬にムギ類を栽培した。西南アジア,インド北西部,地中海北部などのうち,灌漑水の得られない乾燥地帯では,わずかな降雨による水分を保持するための休閑保水によってはじめて作物栽培が可能となり,灌漑農法とともに,休閑農法はそれらの地域における古代文明を築き上げる支えとなった。 雑草防除のための休閑の典型は,封建時代ヨーロッパの開放耕地制度の下での三圃農法(三圃制)における休閑である。…

※「休閑保水」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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