Spiral curve - Spiral curve

Japanese: 緩和曲線 - かんわきょくせん
Spiral curve - Spiral curve

A special curve in a track to avoid the severe shock experienced when a train suddenly enters a curved track from a straight track, or from a curved track to another curved track. It is also called a transition curve. When a straight track connects to a curved track, or when a curved track connects to another curved track, it is necessary to add a curve between them and gradually change the curvature, cant, and slack to mitigate the sudden change. A cubic parabola or a sine half-wavelength diminishing curve is used for this purpose. The length of the transition curve is determined to be greater than or equal to a value obtained using several formulas, taking into consideration factors such as preventing derailment due to lift-up caused by the three-point support of the train and passenger comfort.

Since the conflict between transition curves and vertical curves can have undesirable results in terms of vehicle running stability and ride comfort, the insertion of vertical curves within transition curves is avoided whenever possible.

[Nobuo Osawa]

[Reference] | Cant | Vertical Curve | Slack

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

鉄道車両が直線路から急に曲線路に進入したり、曲線路から別の曲線路に進入するときの激しいショックを避けるために設ける特別の線路の曲線。トランジションカーブtransition curveともいう。直線路が曲線路につながる場合、および曲線路が別の曲線路につながる場合に、その間に曲線を入れ、その曲率と、カントおよびスラックを徐々に変化させることによって急激な変化を緩和する必要がある。これには三次放物線またはサイン半波長逓減(ていげん)曲線が用いられる。緩和曲線の長さは、車両の3点支持による浮き上がり脱線防止、旅客の乗り心地などを考慮し、いくつかの計算式を使って得られた数値以上の長さに定めることになっている。

 緩和曲線と縦曲線(じゅうきょくせん)の競合は、車両の走行安定上および乗り心地上好ましくない結果となるので、緩和曲線内に縦曲線を挿入することは、できるだけ避けることとしている。

[大澤伸男]

[参照項目] | カント | 縦曲線 | スラック

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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