Calderas are formed when the roof of a magma chamber collapses due to the eruption or sinking of magma [Reck: 1928, Williams: 1941]. Collapsed calderas can be huge, with diameters of more than 20 km, and there are three types: (1) Kilauea type, (2) Crater Lake type, and (3) Valles type or resurgent caldera [Katayama et al.: 1970]. They are also called volcanicsinks [Daly: 1941] and subsidence calderas [Walker: 1928, Williams: 1941]. Source: Asakura Publishing Dictionary of Petrology Information |
マグマが噴出するか沈下したためにマグマ溜まりの屋根の部分が陥没して形成されたカルデラ[Reck : 1928, Williams : 1941].陥没カルデラには径20km以上の巨大なものがあり,(1) キラウレア(Kilauea)型,(2) クレイターレイク(Crater Lake)型,(3) ヴァイエス(Valles)型または再生カルデラの3種がある[片山ほか : 1970].火山陥落口(volcanicsink)[Daly : 1941],沈降カルデラ(subsidence caldera)[Walker : 1928, Williams : 1941]. 出典 朝倉書店岩石学辞典について 情報 |
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