Observation airplane

Japanese: 観測機 - かんそくき(英語表記)observation airplane
Observation airplane
A military aircraft whose missions include reconnaissance and surveillance of the battlefield, checking the effectiveness of artillery fire and command and control of operations from the air, is made up of relatively small planes (such as the Grumman OV1) or helicopters (such as the Hughes OH6), and is usually used in battlefields smaller than those covered by reconnaissance aircraft. There are also armed observation aircraft (such as the Rockwell OV10) for riot suppression. The effectiveness of aerial observation was first recognized by the French Republican Army, which organized an observation unit equipped with tethered balloons in 1793 and used them in the Battle of Maubeuge in 1794.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
戦場の偵察や監視,砲撃などの効果の確認,空中からの作戦の指揮統制などの任務を行う軍用航空機で,比較的小型の飛行機(グラマンOV1など)またはヘリコプター(ヒューズOH6など)が使用され,通常,偵察機が担当するよりも狭い範囲の戦場において使用される。なお暴動鎮圧用に武装を施した観測機(ロックウェルOV10など)もある。空中からの観測の有効性に最初に着目したのは,フランス共和国軍で,1793年に係留気球を装備した観測部隊を編成し,94年のモーブージュの戦で使用している。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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